Exploring electrolyte organization in supercapacitor electrodes with solid-state NMR.

نویسندگان

  • Michaël Deschamps
  • Edouard Gilbert
  • Philippe Azais
  • Encarnación Raymundo-Piñero
  • Mohammed Ramzi Ammar
  • Patrick Simon
  • Dominique Massiot
  • François Béguin
چکیده

Supercapacitors are electrochemical energy-storage devices that exploit the electrostatic interaction between high-surface-area nanoporous electrodes and electrolyte ions. Insight into the molecular mechanisms at work inside supercapacitor carbon electrodes is obtained with (13)C and (11)B ex situ magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR). In activated carbons soaked with an electrolyte solution, two distinct adsorption sites are detected by NMR, both undergoing chemical exchange with the free electrolyte molecules. On charging, anions are substituted by cations in the negative carbon electrode and cations by anions in the positive electrode, and their proportions in each electrode are quantified by NMR. Moreover, acetonitrile molecules are expelled from the adsorption sites at the negative electrode alone. Two nanoporous carbon materials were tested, with different nanotexture orders (using Raman and (13)C MAS-NMR spectroscopies), and the more disordered carbon shows a better capacitance and a better tolerance to high voltages.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Nature materials

دوره 12 4  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013